随笔Essays
二十八The Twenty-Eighth
年前的时候,盘算着过年可以有很多事情放这里絮叨。今年虽然特殊,没有太多地出门,但是春节的活动也一个没少。细细说起来也就是亲戚聚会,吃饭,吹牛,席间谈的些玩笑话当时觉得挺有意思,转天回忆起来,却一个都不剩了。于是练笔的内容还得往前捯饬,这就到了腊月二十八。
这天总是要回老家的,因为这好像是个特殊的节日,总要去祭祖:方桌,供上饭菜,然后烧香磕头。每次去之前,总把这事儿抛在脑后,以前是因为嫌寒碜不乐意去,而且那一堆复杂的仪式,对着空气念念叨叨有说有笑也怪瘆人的,现在每次回去只记得是去玩儿了,太久不去反而颇为想念,大概是从知道那个小村庄快要被拆掉开始的,我开始觉得那里的样貌看一眼少一眼了,原先贫苦寒酸的屋子和清冷的湖反而变得可爱了。
祭祖需要供些饭菜。在客厅里摆上一张大方桌,东西南北各两张凳,不大的屋子便被占满了。与其说是客厅,我觉得更像是佛堂,因为平日里一进屋门尽头便摆着供桌,香炉烟香菩萨纸符颇有条理地摆放着,蜡烛、香和长明灯总会点着一个,因此在这里做仪式是很合气氛的,除了因为空间狭小,摆放饭菜总得小心翼翼跨过老旧了的木门槛,挤到两边再伸手安放。
那桌饭菜总是很漂亮,青菜、木耳、豆腐、粉块四碗,青黑棕白也素雅相称,因为每年都是奶奶这个虔诚的佛教徒操办,先人们总也只能吃斋饭,不知他们是否有怨言,但每次礼仪结束我们吃的时候,总是怨声载道的。饭也格外好看,是茶碗一样不带弧度的小碗盛出来的,每碗饭团上面都是一个滚圆的球形,饭的顶端距离桌面总比碗高上一倍,满满的,却很稳当。青绿色的青花瓷碗的蓝白花纹和上面的白色圆球本身就构成了一幅静物画,只有上方飘着的热气还在提醒着人们,这是碗饭。放到最后,再小心地抬起桌上筷子的一头,浅浅地搁在碗上,这便摆好了一桌。桌上的所有东西都对齐地很好,一看便知是精心设计过的,无论谁来看都能明白,并不是日常吃饭的场景,大概生活琐事加上一些刻意和设计就会升格成为某种超日常的东西,诸如吃之前摆放精致的点心和咖啡便可称作下午茶,一样的澡堂子加上浴袍和沙发便可称作休闲,坏掉的自行车龙头锯下来倒着放就成了艺术品,说到艺术品,总忘不掉以前听过的一句话:艺术品就是失去了使用价值的物品,照这么看,这桌子饭菜,不,就连桌子本身在这个神秘的环境下,都可以称为一种艺术品了,那参与这场仪式却什么也没做的我不也成了艺术品了吗?我正盯着桌子发呆,感到脑子里冒出来的东西又要把我带到什么奇怪的地方去了,于是赶忙跑去照了照镜子,打消了这个念头。
细碎仪式结束后,最后一步总是去门外,烧掉剩余的纸元宝,并且念叨着一些话。以前我很少跟出去看了,即使出门也是跑到后院菜田或者湖边玩耍,并没有在意这些。后院的菜田总是有意思的,我记得小时候第一次吃野草莓和桑葚,见到螳螂蚂蚱就是在那儿。不管下不下雨,菜地的泥总因为浇水而变得稀烂,走过一趟鞋便会遭殃,小时候不明白这事儿总挨骂,现在知道了道理却抵挡不住田里东西的吸引,还是毅然决然迈进去。这次本也想跑出去玩,走到门口却听见他们在说:各位冤家债主过来拿钱,拿钱消灾,拿钱消灾……的话语,这才啊地一声,明白每年在门口点的纸钱的”去向”。仔细听来不止这些,还有”各位冤家债主保佑我们新年平平安安幸福美满”的话,心里担心起来。不论家里有没有仇敌债主,若有,是给那些故去了的仇人们寄去一些哀思,毕竟仇缘也是缘。但仇人不上门寻仇便罢了,且要人家收了钱便保佑一家幸福,未免太过勉强了,那些鬼仙们听到不知该作何感想,可能要在地府和家里的先人们掐上一架,或者心里也在暗暗盘算来年要怎么使绊子作弄我们,又或者他们不同我小心眼的猜度,而是接受了好意便离去了,这我看不着所以不知道,干脆就跑到河边捞水草,佯装听不见。
Before the new year, I reckoned there’d be plenty of things to ramble on about here once the holiday came. Special as this year was — I didn’t go out much — not a single Spring Festival activity was missing. Told in detail, it amounts to gatherings with relatives, meals, and tall tales; the jokes traded at the table seemed quite funny at the time, but by the next day not one of them remained. So for something to practice my writing on, I have to dig back further — which brings me to the twenty-eighth of the last lunar month.
On this day we always go back to the old house, because it seems to be a special occasion — we must honor the ancestors: a square table, food set out as offerings, then incense and kowtows. Before each trip I always push the matter to the back of my mind. In the past it was because I found it shabby and didn’t want to go, and that whole pile of elaborate ritual — muttering and chatting and laughing at the empty air — was rather eerie; now each time I go back I only remember it as going to play, and if I stay away too long I even miss it. It began, I think, when I learned the little village was soon to be demolished: I started to feel that every look at the place was one look fewer, and the once poor, shabby houses and the cold, still lake became, of all things, endearing.
Honoring the ancestors calls for offerings of food. A large square table is set up in the living room, two stools on each of its four sides, and the small room is filled. Rather than a living room, I’d say it’s more like a Buddhist hall: on ordinary days, just inside the door, at the far end, stands an altar, the censer, incense, and paper talismans of the bodhisattvas all laid out in good order, and one of the candles, incense sticks, or the ever-burning lamp is always lit — so performing a ritual here suits the atmosphere well, except that, the space being cramped, setting out the food always means carefully stepping over the old wooden threshold, squeezing to the sides, and then reaching in to place it.
That table of food is always beautiful: four bowls — greens, wood-ear fungus, tofu, and pressed rice cake — the greenish-black, brown, and white plain and fittingly elegant, for every year it is prepared by my grandmother, a devout Buddhist, and the ancestors can only ever eat vegetarian fare. I don’t know whether they have complaints, but every time the rite ends and we ourselves eat, we grumble no end. The rice, too, is especially good to look at, served in small straight-sided bowls like teacups, each mound topped with a perfectly round dome; the peak of the rice always rises a bowl’s height again above the table, brimming full yet perfectly steady. The blue-and-white patterning of the green porcelain bowls and the white spheres above them make a still life in themselves, and only the heat drifting up reminds you that this is a bowl of rice. Last of all, one end of a pair of chopsticks is carefully lifted and laid shallowly across the bowl, and the table is set. Everything on it is so well aligned that a single glance tells you it was carefully arranged — anyone can see this is not an everyday scene of eating. Perhaps the trivia of daily life, with some deliberateness and design added, is elevated into something beyond the everyday: exquisite pastries and coffee laid out before eating may be called afternoon tea; the same bathhouse, with a robe and a sofa added, may be called leisure; a broken bicycle’s handlebars, sawn off and set upside down, become a work of art. Speaking of art, I can never forget a line I once heard: a work of art is an object that has lost its use value. By that reckoning, this table of food — no, even the table itself, in this mysterious setting — could be called a kind of art; and then, having taken part in this ceremony while doing nothing at all, haven’t I become a work of art too? I was staring blankly at the table, sensing that whatever was bubbling up in my mind was about to carry me off somewhere strange again, so I hurried off to look in the mirror and dispelled the thought.
After the small rituals are over, the last step is always to go outside the door, burn the remaining paper ingots, and mutter some words. In the past I rarely followed along to watch; even when I went out, I’d run off to play in the back-garden vegetable plot or by the lake, paying none of this any mind. The back-garden plot was always interesting — I remember tasting wild strawberries and mulberries for the first time there as a child, and seeing my first mantis and grasshopper. Rain or no rain, the plot’s soil was always turned to soft mud by watering, and one trip across it doomed your shoes; as a child I didn’t understand this and was always scolded for it, and now that I understand the reason I still can’t resist the pull of the things in the field and stride resolutely in all the same. This time I’d meant to run out and play too, but at the door I heard them saying: “All you foes and creditors, come and take your money; take the money and be rid of your grievance, take the money and be rid of your grievance…” — and only then, with an “ah,” did I understand where the paper money burned at the door each year “goes.” Listening closely, there was more: “All you foes and creditors, bless us with a peaceful and happy new year,” which set me worrying. Whether or not our family has enemies and creditors — if it does, it’s sending some grief to those foes who have passed, for even an enmity is a kind of bond. But it’s one thing that the enemies don’t come to our door seeking revenge; to have them take the money and then bless the whole family with happiness seems rather too much of a stretch. I don’t know how those ghost-spirits feel on hearing it — perhaps they’ll have a scuffle down in the underworld with our own ancestors, or perhaps they’re secretly plotting how to trip us up in the coming year, or perhaps, unlike my petty guessing, they simply accept the goodwill and depart. That I can’t see, so I don’t know; I just ran off to the riverbank to scoop up water weeds and pretended not to hear.